In ultimi ani necesitatea unor aparate specializate in operatiuni LAAR, CO-IN, precum si antrenamentul avansat al pilotilor de supersonic a devenit tot mai mare. La baza acestei situatii sta in primul rand costul mare de intretinere si exploatare al aparatelor supersonice, cat si necesitatea ca un astfel de aparat sa aiba capabilitati STOL, sa fie usor de intretinut, sa aiba capacitatea de a survola o anumita zona timp indelungat si o viteza de croaziera mica. Toate aceste cerinte fac improprie folosirea unor aparate supersonice sau transonice cu reactie, aparatele echipate cu motoare turbo probulsoare impunandu-se in acest segment. Multe din aceste aparate permit si antrenamentul avansat al pilotilor pentru trecerea pe aparate cu reactie.
Iata o trecere in revista a celor mai utilizate aparate.
Embraer EMB 314 Super Tucano
General characteristics
Crew: One pilot on single seat version, one pilot plus one navigator/student on double seat version
Payload: 1,550 kg (3,420 lb)
Length: 11.42 m (37 ft 6 in)
Wingspan: 11.14 m (36 ft 7 in)
Height: 3.9 m (12 ft 9.5 in)
Wing area: 19.4 m˛ (209 sq ft)
Empty weight: 3,200 kg[109] (7,055 lb)
Max. takeoff weight: 5,400 kg (11,905 lb)
Powerplant: 1 × Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-68C turboprop, 1,600 hp (1,193 kW)
Performance
Maximum speed: 590 km/h (319 knots, 367 mph)
Cruise speed: 520 km/h (281 knots, 323 mph)
Stall speed: 148 km/h (80 knots, 92 mph
g-limits: +7/-3.5 g)
Range: 720 nmi (827 mi, 1,330 km)
Combat radius: 550 km (300 nmi, 342 mi) (hi-lo-hi profile, 1,500 kg (3,300 lb) of external stores)[110]
Ferry range: 1,541 nmi (1,774 mi, 2,855 km) [111]
Endurance: 8hrs 40mins[111]
Service ceiling: 10,668 m (35,000 ft)
Rate of climb: 24 m/s (79 ft/s)
Armament
Guns:
Internal: (2x) 12.7 mm (0.50 in) FN Herstal M3P machine guns in wings.
pod: (1x) 20 mm (0.79 in) GIAT M20A1 cannon below the fuselage.[112]
Hardpoints: 5 (two under each wing and one under fuselage centreline) with a capacity of 1,550 kg (3,300 lb)
Rockets:
(4x) pods 70 mm (2.75 in) LM-70/19[118](SBAT-70[119][120])
(4x) pods 70 mm (2.75 in) LAU-68A/G[121]
Missiles:
Air-to-air:
AIM-9L Siderwinder
MAA-1A Piranha
Python 3
Python 4
Air-to-ground:
AGM-65 Maverick[118]
Bombs:
General-purpose bombs:
Mk 81
Mk 82
M-117[113]
Incendiary bombs:
BINC-300[114]
Cluster bombs:
BLG-252
Precision-guided bombs:
SMKB-82[115] – Mectron/Britanite INS/GPS guidance kit for Mk 82.
GBU-54[116]
GBU-38[116]
GBU-39[116]
Paveway II[117]
Lizard – Elbit laser guidance kit.
Griffin – IAI laser guidance kit.
Others:
Chaff & Flare (countermeasures)
FLIR AN/AAQ-22 Star SAFIRE II (Electro-Optical/Infrared Sensors)
Avionics
MIL-STD-1553[122] standards.
NVG ANVIS-9 (Night Vision)
CCIP / CCRP / CCIL / DTOS / LCOS / SSLC (Computerized Attack Modes)[113]
R&S{RT} M3AR VHF/UHF airborne transceiver (two-way encrypted[123] Data Link provision)[124]
HUD / HOTAS
HMD with UFCP(Up Front Control Panel)
Laser INS with GPS Navigational System.
CMFD(Colored Multi-Function Display) liquid crystal active matrix
Integrated Radio Communication and Navigation
Video Camera/Recorder
Automatic Pilot with embedded mission planning capability
Stormscope WX-1000E (Airborne weather mapping system)
Laser Range Finder
WiPak[125] Support – (Wi-Fi integration for Paveway bombs).
Training and Operation Support System (TOSS).[126][127]
Unit cost $9-14 million[2]
$430-500/hour (Operational Cost)
FMA IA 58 Pucará
General characteristics
Crew: 2
Capacity: 2
Length: 14.25 m (46 ft 9 in)
Wingspan: 14.5 m (47 ft 6 in)
Height: 5.36 m (17 ft 7 in)
Wing area: 30.3 m2 (326.16 ft2)
Empty weight: 4,020 kg (8,862 lb)
Gross weight: 6,800 kg (14,991 lb)
Powerplant: 2 × Turbomeca Astazou XVIG turboprops, 729 kW (978 hp) each each
Performance
Maximum speed: 500 km/h (310 mph)
Cruising speed: 430 km/h (267 mph)
Range: 3,710 km (2,305 miles)
Service ceiling: 10,000 m (31,800 ft)
Armament
2 × 20 mm Hispano-Suiza HS.804 autocannons
4 × 7.62 mm FN Browning machine guns
3 × hardpoints for up to 1,500 kg (3,300 lb) of gun pods, bombs, rockets, mines, or torpedoes
Pilatus PC-21
General characteristics
Crew: Two (student & instructor)
Length: 11.233 m (36 ft 11 in)
Wingspan: 9.108 m (29 ft 11 in)
Height: 3.749 m (12 ft 4 in)
Wing area: 15.221 m˛ (163.848 ft˛)
Empty weight: 2,270 kg (5,005 lb)
Max. takeoff weight: 3,100 kg (aerobatic) / 4,250 kg (utility) (6,834 lb (aerobatic) / 9,370 lb (utility))
Powerplant: 1 × Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-68B Turboprop engine, 1,200 kW (1,600 shp)
Performance
Maximum speed: 685 km/h (370 knots, 428 mph)
Stall speed: 170 km/h (92 knots, 106.25 mph) gear and flaps up (20 km/h less with flaps and gear down)
Range: 1,333 km (720 nm, 828 miles)
Service ceiling: 11,580 m (38,000 ft)
Rate of climb: 1,219 m/min (4,000 ft/min)
Wing loading: 208 kg/m˛ (42.7 lb/ft˛)
Power/mass: 0.39 kW/kg (0.23 hp/lb)
Armament
Hardpoints: Provisions provided for 4× under-wing and 1× centerline external store stations, capable of mounting up to 1,150 kg (2,500 lb) of payload of air-to-ground weapons to operate in the Counter-insurgency role.
Vecini nostri Turcia si Serbia au dezvoltat la randul lor doua astfel de aparate aflate in faza de prototip:
TAI Hürkuş
General characteristics
Crew: one
Capacity: one passenger
Length: 11.17 m (36 ft 8 in)
Wingspan: 9.96 m (32 ft 8 in)
Height: 3.70 m (12 ft 2 in)
Powerplant: 1 × Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-68T turboprop aircraft engine, 1,200 kW (1,600 shp)
Propellers: 5-bladed Hartzell HC-B5MA-3
Performance
Cruise speed: 574 km/h; 357 mph (310 kn)
Stall speed: 143 km/h; 89 mph (77 kn)
Range: 1,478 km; 918 mi (798 nmi) at 15000 ft (4572 m)
Endurance: 4.25 hours at 15000 ft (4572 m)
Service ceiling: 10,577 m (34,700 ft)
G limits: +7/-3.5
Rate of climb: 22.2 m/s (4,370 ft/min)
Utva Kobac
Primul zbor programat in 2013
Voi mentiona si aparatul polonez de antrenament PZL-130 Orlik care are unele capabilitati CO-IN
PZL-130 Orlik
General characteristics
Crew: 2: student, instructor
Length: 9.30 m ()
Wingspan: 10.00 m ()
Height: 3.53 m ()
Wing area: 14.56 m˛ ()
Empty weight: 1,825 kg ()
Loaded weight: 2,400 kg ()
Max. takeoff weight: 2,950 kg ()
Powerplant: 1 × Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-25C turboprop, 750 hp ()
Performance
Maximum speed: 550 km/h
Cruise speed: 480-500 km/h
Range: 2,200 km ()
Service ceiling: 10.000m ()
Armament
Hardpoints: 6 under-wing pylons with a capacity of 700 kg
Unul mai frumos decat celalalt 🙂
Sursa: Wikipedia
Sorin Romescu
Lipseste IAR-825 ! 🙁
Intradevar, dar din pacate lipseste cu desavarsire, nici sanse de intoarcere nu cred ca are.
OK. Deci sarbii pot, noi nu!
Lipseste si P-51 Mustang, daca ma intrebi pe mine…
🙂
Unul de ala cu un turboprop atasat….ma rog, T-6 Texan II e pe aproape ca design, dar prea „light”…
Pacat ca nu e pe nisa asta si un model cu motorul in spate, ceva in stilul lui Kyūshū J7W1 Shinden…
Ar fi o nisa pentru noi… 🙂 si cred ca am rupe gura targului.
Era si un Dornier Pfeil similar, cu 2 elice, la sfarsitul razboiului… 335.
avantajul la motorul in spate e ca ar putea avea o cabina similara cu a unui supersonic, fara sa fie jenat de campul elicii. Initial, si Ares Rutan trebuia sa aiba elice in spate si nu turbina…
Ar putea fi atat trainer cat si avion de sprijin tactic usor.
🙂
Eram sigur ca cineva aminteste de ARES. Si pana la urma, dupa ce comparam lungimea, anvergura aripilor, masa maxima admisa si viteza la modelele prezentate, observam ca exista a o singura solutie: IAR-XT.
Existà!
LH-10 Elipse fabricat în Franta
http://i47.servimg.com/u/f47/12/07/21/40/img_4112.jpg
Ellipse, cu doi „l”, sorry…
🙂 Incepem iar sa ne invartim in jurul cozii. De cate ori in ultimul an n-am avut articole pe tema asta…Elipse e si el o mica buburuza, plusez si eu cu AMTA atunci… 🙂
Bàietii de la LH sunt ambitiosi, si „buburuza” a fost expusà la Eurosatory acum o lunà.
Are mansà lateralà, autonomie de 1500 km si vitezà de croazierà de 400 km/h.
Având un motor Rotax, este foarte economic.
Au vândut deja douà exemplare Beninului.
Mai este si AHRLAC sud-african cu elice propulsivà:
http://ahrlac.com/images/stories/ahrlac/AHRLAC_Launch.jpg
„Location de Gripen: Prague insatisfait de l’attitude de la Suède
Le Premier ministre tchèque Petr Necas a épinglé mercredi à Prague une attitude „non-coopérative” de Stockholm lors des pourparlers sur le prolongement au-delà de 2015 du contrat de crédit-bail portant sur 14 chasseurs supersoniques suédois JAS-39 Gripen. L’armée tchèque dispose depuis 2005 de douze Gripen en version monoplace JAS-39 C et de deux autres en version biplace JAS-39 D.
„Si cette attitude non coopérative et assez surprenante pour moi perdure, le contrat arrivera fin 2014 à son expiration et un appel d’offres sera lancé”, a résumé M. Necas, devant la presse. „En ce moment, je n’arrive pas à imaginer l’armée tchèque sans supersoniques, mais le fournisseur risque de nous pousser jusqu’à la situation où il ne s’agira plus de Gripen”, a-t-il insisté.
Ces appareils ont remplacé à l’époque les vétustes MiG-21 russes, hérités des temps du communisme. De forts soupçons de corruption entourent la signature du contrat, souvent jugé controversé par la presse.
Prix en question
M. Necas n’a donné aucune précision concernant les revendications financières des deux parties. Selon le journal „Pravo”, Stockholm refuse de procéder à toute réduction du prix jusqu’ici payé par Prague, c’est à dire deux milliards de couronnes par an.
Fabriqués par le consortium suédois-britannique Saab/BAE Systems, les Gripen sont aussi utilisés par les armées de l’air suédoise, hongroise, sud-africaine et thaïlandaise. La Suisse a également décidé de se faire livrer 22 avions de ce type.
Le ministre de la défense Ueli Maurer a indiqué début juin qu’il entendait présenter en octobre au Parlement un message sur le programme d’armement et sur la loi du financement des avions de combat. Les Chambres fédérales se prononceront en mars ou en juin 2013.”
http://www.romandie.com/news/n/Location_de_Gripen_Prague_insatisfait_de_l_attitude_de_la_Suede31250720122118.asp?
Adica, mai pe a noastra limba dulce, „cumparatile, bai cerstorilor”! Gata cu leasingul? 🙂
Problema este mai vastà.
Fosta ministrà a apàràrii care era în functie când s-a fàcut acordul cu suedezii este urmàrità pentru coruptie, în cadrul unui alt dosar, dar se sapà si în directia Gripen-ului.
Este un contra-foc.
Viitorul! Aerienele Romane.
Comparați specificațiile Tucano, care e cel mai bun din categorie, cu ale IAR-99 și vedeți. Pt patrulat încetuț deasupra junglei e util, dar la noi numai dacă nu dotează Poliția..
E economic și duce încărcătură, dar cam atât.
IAR-80 l-ar cam trânti și acum.
toata lumea il uita pe IAR 39 care a fost un aparat LAAR al timpului sau
IAR -95 a murit IAR 93 sa casat ,un elicopter de atac ne depaseste capacitatile de productie si proiectare
daca vrem sa mai avem industrie aviatica m-ai avem doua optiuni:
IAR -XT sau un urmas al lui IAR 825
idea ar fi ca pe langa cele 48 de multirol sa poti alinia un numar mare de aparate chiar daca cu performante modeste, produs in tara la un pret rezonabil
nu as fi de acord sa cumparam TUCANO dar mi-ar place sa fabricam noi un aparat asemanator